Some background

videos + essays

Link to the Denver Art Museum's website

Robert Henri, <em>Tom Po Qui (Water of Antelope Lake/Indian Girl/Ramoncita)</em>
Robert Henri, Tom Po Qui (Water of Antelope Lake/Indian Girl/Ramoncita)

The performance of Indigenous identity through the lens of early 20th-century Modernism.

Francisco Clapera, set of sixteen casta paintings
Francisco Clapera, set of sixteen casta paintings

These challenging paintings visually separate Indigenous Americans from the Spanish elite; most were exported.

Casta painting in the Spanish Americas
Casta painting in the Spanish Americas

These challenging paintings visually separate Indigenous Americans from the Spanish elite; most were exported.

Bear Claw Necklace (Pawnee)
Bear Claw Necklace (Pawnee)

Six bears were required to create this necklace, meant imbue the Pawnee chief with protection and power.

The lure of the American Southwest: E. Martin Hennings, <em>Rabbit Hunt</em>
The lure of the American Southwest: E. Martin Hennings, Rabbit Hunt

The Southwest became a hub for artists seeking “quintessentially American” subjects beyond New York and Chicago.