Rhod Rothfuss, Yellow Quadrangle, 1955, alkyd and gouache on board, 37 x 33 cm (MoMA)

Additional resources

This work at the Museum of Modern Art.

Learn more about geometric abstraction from Smarthistory and from Collección Cisneros.

Rhod Rothfuss, “El marco: un problema de plástica actual,” Arturo (1944).

Making Art Concrete: Works from Argentina and Brazil in the Colección Patricia Phelps de Cisneros, ed. Pia Gottschaller, Aleca Le Blanc, Zanna Gilbert, Tom Learner, and Andrew Perchuk (Getty Publications, 2017).

“Manifiesto Madí,” Madí Magazine no. 0 (Buenos Aires: 1947).

Yve-Alain Bois, et al. Geometric Abstraction: Latin American Art from the Patricia Phelps de Cisneros Collection (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2001).

David Fernando Cortés Saavedra, “Geometric Abstraction and Concrete Art in South America,” Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism, September 5, 2016.

María Amalia García, Abstract Crossings: Cultural Exchange between Argentina and Brazil (Oakland, CA: University of California Press, 2019).

Learn more about Joaquín Torres-García and his work featured in this video, Composition.

Smarthistory images for teaching and learning:

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