The expansion of the United States and the displacement of Native Americans were bound up in the idea of Manifest Destiny.
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The Mexican-American War
There is no memorial to the Mexican-American War in Washington, D.C.—a war in which more than 15,000 American soldiers lost their lives.
Teaching guide
Thomas Moran, Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone
The painting that inspired a National Park
The painting that inspired a National Park
Painting, photography, and the railroad come together to preserve a topography unique in the world
Envisioning Manifest Destiny
Pioneers and frontiersmen, creating an American mythology amidst the Civil War
Business, art, and the American West
Business or pleasure? Watkins could photograph both beautifully.
American brilliance
This dazzling, prismatic, brilliant cut glass creates a universe of pattern and reflection.
Teaching guide
Titus Kaphar, The Cost of Removal
Kaphar’s painting uses defacement as a way of critiquing Andrew Jackson, and makes us consider the injustices of presidents past and present.
Settling the American Eden, The Oxbow
Not content to merely paint the land, Cole elevated the landscape to approach the status of historical painting.
Custer’s Last Stand — a Lakota view
What most American students learn about as Custer's Last Stand was the last great victory for the Lakota people.
The White Cloud, Head Chief of the Iowas
This dignified portrait of a Native leader belies the cruel treatment he endured at the time of its painting.
The Trail of Tears and The Cost of Removal
Kaphar takes a violent history and renders it visible in this modified portrait of Andrew Jackson.
The closing of the frontier
Remington mourns the decline of the cowboy by depicting the very thing that destroyed his iconic lifestyle.
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