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Early medieval art: c. 500-800 C.E.

In the fifth century C.E., people from tribes called Angles, Saxons and Jutes left their homelands in northern Europe to look for a new home. They knew that the Romans had recently left the green land of Britain unguarded, so they sailed across the channel in small wooden boats. The Britons did not give in without a fight, but after many years the invaders managed to overcome them and were to rule for over 500 years.

The Utrecht Psalter, c. 825, Hautvilliers, near Reims, France, 380 x 310 mm (Universiteitsbibliotheek, Utrecht, MS 32, ff. 7v–8r), courtesy Universiteitsbibliothek, Utrecht — Expressive, emotional, and energetic, the Utrecht Psalter is not what you expect in a book written 1200 years ago.

The Utrecht Psalter and its influence

by Dr. Kathleen Doyle at the British Library and Dr. Beth Harris

Codex Amiatinus, before 716, made at Wearmouth-Jarrow, c. 505 x 340 mm (Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, MS Amiatino 1) © Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana — One of the oldest surviving bibles was made in England but has clear visual ties to traditions from the ancient Mediterranean.

Codex Amiatinus, the oldest complete Latin Bible

by Dr. Claire Breay, The British Library and Dr. Beth Harris

Belt Buckle, Sutton Hoo, early 7th century, gold, 13.2 x 5.6 cm © Trustees of the British Museum — Excavated in 1939, this 7th-century grave once held a hoard of metalwork, all buried within a 27-meter long ship!

Sutton Hoo Ship Burial

by The British Museum

The Sutton Hoo purse lid- detail — Rendered in gold and garnet, the enigmatic animals on this purse lid stand out above white bone.

The Sutton Hoo purse lid

by The British Museum

The Sutton Hoo helmet, early 7th century, iron and tinned copper alloy helmet, consisting of many pieces of iron, now built into a reconstruction, 31.8 x 21.5 cm (as restored) © Trustees of the British Museum — Restored, dismantled, and restored again, this helmet was a pile of rusted iron and tinned bronze when first discovered.

The Sutton Hoo helmet

by The British Museum

Masks and scrolls adorn the square head of this silver-gilt brooch. Extravagant but functional, it fastened clothes.

Brooch from Chessell Down

by The British Museum

Stylistic analysis of these brooches and buckles might seem straightforward, but their designs riddle even experts.

Decoding Anglo-Saxon art

by The British Museum

After crossing the Channel and invading Britain, the Anglo-Saxons ruled for 500 years. Rings offer clues to their society.

Anglo-Saxon England

by The British Museum

Sutton Hoo ship-burial helmet, iron, copper alloy, gold, tin, garnet, and silver, c. 600-650 C.E., 31.8 x 21.5 x 25.5 (The British Museum) — 1400 years ago, Anglo-Saxons hauled a ship up a hilltop and buried their king and his treasure within.

Sutton Hoo Ship Burial (video)

by Dr. Beth Harris and Dr. Steven Zucker

The Lindisfarne Gospels, c. 700 (Northumbria), 340 x 250 mm (British Library, Cotton MS Nero D IV) © 2019 British Library, used by permission — The “cross-carpet” pages of this early 8th-century manuscript weave together birds, knots, spirals—and the Cross.

The Lindisfarne Gospels

by Dr. Kathleen Doyle at the British Library and Louisa Woodville

Crossbow brooch, c. 430, Metropolitan Museum — These ornate brooches were trendy accessories in the 5th and 6th centuries. Pin, body, and catch form a “crossbow.”

Fibulae