Early Empire

Augustus as Pontifex Maximus

Devout and serene, this portrait of Augustus showcases one of the numerous positions held by the first emperor of ancient Rome—as chief high priest (in Latin: Pontifex Maximus).

The Domus Aurea, Nero’s Golden Palace

Obelisks and ancient Rome

The Roman emperor Augustus brought many ancient Egyptian obelisks back to the the city of Rome.

The Mausoleum of Augustus and the Piazza Augusto Imperatore in Rome

From Augustus, to Mussolini, and now Bulgari, the long strange history of the Mausoleum of Augustus.

Pont du Gard

The Pont du Gard is one of the greatest public works projects spearheaded in the Augustan age.

Volubilis

The Mauritanian capital, founded in the 3rd century B.C.E., became an important outpost of the Roman Empire and was graced with many fine buildings.

Column of Trajan

Trajan expanded the Roman Empire to its greatest extent, celebrating his victories with this monumental column.

Augustus of Primaporta

Nothing was more important to a Roman emperor than his image.

Ara Pacis Augustae

Augustus is said to have found Rome a city of brick and left it a city of marble—this altar symbolizes his golden age.

The Colosseum

Gladiators, animal hunts, and executions: learn about the Colosseum, a monumental gift to the Roman people.

Silver shekel of the Second Jewish Revolt

Rebellion was not uncommon at the fringes of the Roman Empire, and the people of Judea were no exception.

Portrait of Vespasian

In ancient Rome, official portraits were full of political messages. What does Vespasian’s portrait say about him?