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Europe 1800-1900

  • Browse this content
  • Becoming Modern, an introduction
  • What was the Industrial Revolution?
  • Romanticism
    • Browse this content
    • A beginner’s guide
      • A beginner’s guide to Romanticism
      • Orientalism
      • Staging the Egyptian Harem for Western Eyes
    • France
      • Browse this content
      • Romanticism in France, an introduction
      • Baron Antoine-Jean Gros, Napoleon Bonaparte Visiting the Pest House in Jaffa
      • Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
        • Portrait of Madame Rivière
        • Napoleon on His Imperial Throne
        • Apotheosis of Homer
        • Painting colonial culture: La Grande Odalisque
      • Théodore Géricault
        • Raft of the Medusa
        • Portraits of the Insane
      • Eugène Delacroix
        • Eugène Delacroix, an introduction
        • Scene of the Massacre at Chios
        • The cost of war: Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi
        • The Death of Sardanapalus
        • Liberty Leading the People
        • Women of Algiers in Their Apartment
        • Murals in the Chapel of The Holy Angels, Saint-Sulpice
      • François Rude, La Marseillaise
    • Spain
      • Browse this content
      • Francisco Goya
        • Francisco Goya, The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters
        • Enrique Chagoya on Goya’s Los Caprichos
        • Francisco Goya, The Family of Charles IV
        • Francisco Goya, And there’s nothing to be done from The Disasters of War
        • Francisco Goya, The Third of May, 1808
        • Francisco Goya, Saturn Devouring One Of His Sons
    • England
      • Browse this content
      • Henry Fuseli
        • The Nightmare
        • Titania and Bottom
      • William Blake
        • The spiritual form of Nelson guiding Leviathan
        • The Parable of the Wise and Foolish Virgins
      • John Constable
        • Constable and the English landscape
        • Wivenhoe Park, Essex
        • The Hay Wain
        • View on the Stour near Dedham
        • Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows
      • J. M. W. Turner
        • The Harbor of Dieppe
        • The Fighting Temeraire
        • Slave Ship
        • Snow Storm
        • Rain, Steam, and Speed — The Great Western Railway
        • J.M.W. Turner at Tate Britain
      • John Martin, The Great Day of His Wrath
      • John Nash, Royal Pavilion, Brighton
    • Germany
      • Browse this content
      • Caspar David Friedrich
        • Monk by the Sea
        • Abbey in the Oak Forest
        • Solitary Tree (or Lone Tree)
        • Woman at a Window
      • Runge, Hülsenbeck Children
  • Early photography
    • Browse this content
    • Early Photography: Niépce, Talbot and Muybridge
    • Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, View from the Window at Le Gras
    • Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre
      • Paris Boulevard or View of the Boulevard du Temple
      • The Artist’s Studio / Still Life with Plaster Casts
    • David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson, Newhaven Fishwives
    • John Whipple, William Bond, and George Bond, The Moon, No. 37
    • Édouard Baldus, Cloister of St. Trophîme, Arles
    • Muybridge, The Attitudes of Animals in Motion
      Getty Conversations
    • Eadweard Muybridge, The Horse in Motion
    • Anna Atkins and the cyanotype process
    • Lady Clementina Hawarden, Clementina and Florence Elizabeth Maude
    • Julia Margaret Cameron, Mrs. Herbert Duckworth
    • Roger Fenton, Landscape with clouds
    • Marey, Joinville Soldier Walking
    • Francis Galton, eugenics, and photography
    • Alphonse Bertillon, Mugshot and Record of Francis Galton
  • Victorian art
    • Browse this content
    • Early Victorian
      • Sir Edwin Landseer, Windsor Castle in Modern Times
      • Charles Barry and A.W.N. Pugin, Palace of Westminster (Houses of Parliament)
      • Robert Smirke, The British Museum
      • Cashmere shawls
    • Pre-Raphaelites and mid-Victorian art
      • Browse this content
      • A beginner’s guide
        • The Pre-Raphaelites, an introduction
        • The Aesthetic Movement
      • John Everett Millais
        • Christ in the House of His Parents
        • Mariana
        • Ophelia
        • Isabella
        • Curator’s choice – Millais’s Isabella
        • Portrait of John Ruskin
        • A Portrait of John Ruskin and Masculine Ideals of Dress in the Nineteenth Century
        • Spring (Apple Blossoms)
        • The Vale of Rest
        • Bubbles
      • William Holman Hunt
        • Claudio and Isabella
        • Our English Coasts (Strayed Sheep)
        • The Awakening Conscience
        • Isabella or the Pot of Basil
        • The Lady of Shalott
        • The Shadow of Death
        • The Scapegoat
      • Ford Madox Brown
        • The Last of England
        • Work
        • Curator’s choice – Ford Madox Brown’s Work
      • Dante Gabriel Rossetti
        • Ecce Ancilla Domini
        • Beata Beatrix
        • Proserpine
      • Henry Wallis, Chatterton
      • William Powell Frith, Derby Day
      • William Dyce, Pegwell Bay, Kent – a Recollection of October 5th 1858
      • Emily Mary Osborn, Nameless and Friendless
      • John Roddam Spencer Stanhope, Thoughts of the Past
      • Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones
        • The Golden Stairs
        • King Cophetua and the Beggar Maid
        • Sleeping Beauty — but without the Kiss: Burne-Jones and the Briar Rose series
        • The Depths of the Sea
        • Stained glass windows at Birmingham Cathedral
        • Hope
      • John William Waterhouse, The Lady of Shalott
      • William Butterfield, All Saints, Margaret Street, London
      • William Morris, useful beauty in the home
      • William Morris and Philip Webb, Red House
    • Late Victorian
      • Browse this content
      • Sir Frederic Leighton
        • An Athlete Wrestling with a Python
        • Bath of Psyche
      • Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, Listening to Homer
      • GF Watts, The Minotaur
  • Realism
    • Browse this content
    • Realism, an introduction
    • Honoré Daumier
      • Rue Transnonain
      • Nadar Elevating Photography to the Height of an Art
    • Gustave Courbet
      • A Burial at Ornans
      • The Stonebreakers
      • The Painter’s Studio, a real allegory summing up seven years of my artistic and moral life
      • Bonjour Monsieur Courbet
    • Rosa Bonheur
      • Plowing in the Nivernais (or The First Dressing)
      • Sheep in the Highlands
    • Jean-François Millet
      • L’Angélus
      • The Gleaners
      • Xu Bing on Jean-François Millet’s Haystacks: Autumn
    • Édouard Manet
      • Music in the Tuileries Gardens
      • Olympia
      • Le déjeuner sur l’herbe (Luncheon on the Grass)
      • The Railway
      • Émile Zola
      • The Balcony
      • Plum Brandy
      • In the Conservatory
      • Corner of a Café-Concert
      • A Bar at the Folies-Bergère
      • Better Know: Manet’s Bar
      • A Bar at the Folies-Bergère with Griselda Pollock
    • Eva Gonzàles, A Loge at the Théâtre des Italiens
  • Second Empire
    • Winterhalter’s Portrait of The Empress Eugénie
    • Thomas Couture, Romans of the Decadence
    • Haussmann the Demolisher and the creation of modern Paris
    • Charles Garnier, The Paris Opéra
  • Impressionism
    • Browse this content
    • A beginner’s guide
      • Browse this content
      • Impressionism, an introduction
      • What does “Impressionism” mean?
      • How the Impressionists got their name
      • Impressionism: painting modern life
      • Impressionist color
      • Impressionist pictorial space
      • Japonisme
      • Looking east: how Japan inspired Monet, Van Gogh and other Western artists
    • Edgar Degas
      • The Bellelli Family
      •  At the Races in the Countryside
      • The Dance Class
      • Visit to a Museum
    • Gustave Caillebotte
      • Paris Street; Rainy Day
    • Berthe Morisot
      • The Cradle
      • Hunting Butterflies
    • Pierre-Auguste Renoir
      • How to recognize Renoir: The Swing
      • La Loge
      • The Grands Boulevards
      • Moulin de la Galette
      • Portrait of Madame Charpentier and Her Children
      • Luncheon of the Boating Party
      • The Large Bathers
    • Claude Monet
      • Impressionism as optical realism: Monet
      • How to recognize Monet: The Basin at Argenteuil
      • Claude Monet, Impression, Sunrise
      • The Argenteuil Bridge
      • The Gare Saint-Lazare
      • Cliff Walk at Pourville
      • Wheatstacks (Snow Effect, Morning)
        Getty Conversations
      • Poplars
      • Rouen Cathedral Series
      • Les Nymphéas (The Water Lilies)
    • Mary Cassatt
      • In the Loge
      • Little Girl in a Blue Armchair
      • Woman with a Pearl Necklace in a Loge
      • The Child’s Bath
      • The Coiffure
  • Post-Impressionism
    • Browse this content
    • A beginner’s guide
      • Introduction to Neo-Impressionism, Part I
      • Introduction to Neo-Impressionism, Part II
      • Neo-Impressionist Color Theory
    • Georges Seurat
      • Bathers at Asnières
      • A Sunday on La Grande Jatte – 1884
    • Vincent van Gogh
      • The Potato Eaters
      • Self-Portrait Dedicated to Paul Gauguin
      • Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear
      • The Bedroom
      • Van Gogh, Irises
        Getty Conversations
      • The Starry Night
      • The Artist Project: Sopheap Pich on van Gogh’s drawings
    • The Pont-Aven School and Synthetism
    • Paul Gauguin
      • Gauguin, Self-Portrait with Portrait of Émile Bernard (Les misérables)
      • Vision after the Sermon (or Jacob Wrestling with the Angel)
      • Nevermore
      • The Red Cow
      • Spirit of the Dead Watching
      • Oviri
      • Where do we come from? What are we? Where are we going?
    • Gauguin and Laval in Martinique
    • Paul Cézanne
      • Cézanne, an introduction
      • The Bather
      • The Basket of Apples
      • Still Life with Plaster Cupid
      • The Red Rock
      • Turning Road at Montgeroult
      • Mont Sainte-Victoire
      • The Card Players
      • Bathers (Les Grandes Baigneuses)
      • The Large Bathers
    • Why Is This Woman in the Jungle? Henri Rousseau’s The Dream
    • Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, At the Moulin Rouge
  • Sculpture
    • Browse this content
    • Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux​, Dance
    • Auguste Rodin
      • The Walking Man
      • Auguste Rodin, The Age of Bronze
      • The Burghers of Calais
      • The Gates of Hell
      • Wilfredo Prieto on Auguste Rodin’s sculptures
    • Claudel, The Age of Maturity
    • A moment’s monument, Medardo Rosso, Ecce puer (Behold the Child)
  • Symbolism / Art Nouveau
    • Browse this content
    • Art Nouveau
    • The Nabis and Symbolism
    • The Nabis and Decorative Art
    • Gustave Moreau
      • Jupiter and Semele
      • Salome
    • Arnold Böcklin, Self-Portrait with Death Playing the Fiddle
    • Antoni Gaudí
      • Sagrada Família
      • Park Güell
    • James Ensor, Christ’s Entry into Brussels in 1889
    • Fernand Khnopff
      • Jeanne Kéfer
      • I Lock my Door Upon Myself
    • Franz von Stuck, The Sin
    • Hector Guimard, Cité entrance, Métropolitain, Paris
    • Gustav Klimt
      • Beethoven Frieze
      •  The Kiss
      • Death and Life
    • Broncia Koller, Sitting (Seated Nude Marietta)
    • Edvard Munch
      • The Storm
      • The Scream
    • Léon Bakst, “Costume design for the ballet The Firebird”
    • Louis Comfort Tiffany
      • Vase
      • Hair Ornament
  • Eastern Europe
    • Maurycy Gottlieb, Christ Teaching at Capernaum
    • An Introduction to The Peredvizhniki (The Wanderers)
    • Ilya Repin, Krestny Khod (Religious Procession) in Kursk Gubernia
  • Textiles
    • Shawl from Deneirouse and Boisglavy

Europe 1800-1900

  • Browse this content
  • Becoming Modern, an introduction
  • What was the Industrial Revolution?
  • Romanticism
    • Browse this content
    • A beginner’s guide
      • A beginner’s guide to Romanticism
      • Orientalism
      • Staging the Egyptian Harem for Western Eyes
    • France
      • Browse this content
      • Romanticism in France, an introduction
      • Baron Antoine-Jean Gros, Napoleon Bonaparte Visiting the Pest House in Jaffa
      • Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
        • Portrait of Madame Rivière
        • Napoleon on His Imperial Throne
        • Apotheosis of Homer
        • Painting colonial culture: La Grande Odalisque
      • Théodore Géricault
        • Raft of the Medusa
        • Portraits of the Insane
      • Eugène Delacroix
        • Eugène Delacroix, an introduction
        • Scene of the Massacre at Chios
        • The cost of war: Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi
        • The Death of Sardanapalus
        • Liberty Leading the People
        • Women of Algiers in Their Apartment
        • Murals in the Chapel of The Holy Angels, Saint-Sulpice
      • François Rude, La Marseillaise
    • Spain
      • Browse this content
      • Francisco Goya
        • Francisco Goya, The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters
        • Enrique Chagoya on Goya’s Los Caprichos
        • Francisco Goya, The Family of Charles IV
        • Francisco Goya, And there’s nothing to be done from The Disasters of War
        • Francisco Goya, The Third of May, 1808
        • Francisco Goya, Saturn Devouring One Of His Sons
    • England
      • Browse this content
      • Henry Fuseli
        • The Nightmare
        • Titania and Bottom
      • William Blake
        • The spiritual form of Nelson guiding Leviathan
        • The Parable of the Wise and Foolish Virgins
      • John Constable
        • Constable and the English landscape
        • Wivenhoe Park, Essex
        • The Hay Wain
        • View on the Stour near Dedham
        • Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows
      • J. M. W. Turner
        • The Harbor of Dieppe
        • The Fighting Temeraire
        • Slave Ship
        • Snow Storm
        • Rain, Steam, and Speed — The Great Western Railway
        • J.M.W. Turner at Tate Britain
      • John Martin, The Great Day of His Wrath
      • John Nash, Royal Pavilion, Brighton
    • Germany
      • Browse this content
      • Caspar David Friedrich
        • Monk by the Sea
        • Abbey in the Oak Forest
        • Solitary Tree (or Lone Tree)
        • Woman at a Window
      • Runge, Hülsenbeck Children
  • Early photography
    • Browse this content
    • Early Photography: Niépce, Talbot and Muybridge
    • Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, View from the Window at Le Gras
    • Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre
      • Paris Boulevard or View of the Boulevard du Temple
      • The Artist’s Studio / Still Life with Plaster Casts
    • David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson, Newhaven Fishwives
    • John Whipple, William Bond, and George Bond, The Moon, No. 37
    • Édouard Baldus, Cloister of St. Trophîme, Arles
    • Muybridge, The Attitudes of Animals in Motion
      Getty Conversations
    • Eadweard Muybridge, The Horse in Motion
    • Anna Atkins and the cyanotype process
    • Lady Clementina Hawarden, Clementina and Florence Elizabeth Maude
    • Julia Margaret Cameron, Mrs. Herbert Duckworth
    • Roger Fenton, Landscape with clouds
    • Marey, Joinville Soldier Walking
    • Francis Galton, eugenics, and photography
    • Alphonse Bertillon, Mugshot and Record of Francis Galton
  • Victorian art
    • Browse this content
    • Early Victorian
      • Sir Edwin Landseer, Windsor Castle in Modern Times
      • Charles Barry and A.W.N. Pugin, Palace of Westminster (Houses of Parliament)
      • Robert Smirke, The British Museum
      • Cashmere shawls
    • Pre-Raphaelites and mid-Victorian art
      • Browse this content
      • A beginner’s guide
        • The Pre-Raphaelites, an introduction
        • The Aesthetic Movement
      • John Everett Millais
        • Christ in the House of His Parents
        • Mariana
        • Ophelia
        • Isabella
        • Curator’s choice – Millais’s Isabella
        • Portrait of John Ruskin
        • A Portrait of John Ruskin and Masculine Ideals of Dress in the Nineteenth Century
        • Spring (Apple Blossoms)
        • The Vale of Rest
        • Bubbles
      • William Holman Hunt
        • Claudio and Isabella
        • Our English Coasts (Strayed Sheep)
        • The Awakening Conscience
        • Isabella or the Pot of Basil
        • The Lady of Shalott
        • The Shadow of Death
        • The Scapegoat
      • Ford Madox Brown
        • The Last of England
        • Work
        • Curator’s choice – Ford Madox Brown’s Work
      • Dante Gabriel Rossetti
        • Ecce Ancilla Domini
        • Beata Beatrix
        • Proserpine
      • Henry Wallis, Chatterton
      • William Powell Frith, Derby Day
      • William Dyce, Pegwell Bay, Kent – a Recollection of October 5th 1858
      • Emily Mary Osborn, Nameless and Friendless
      • John Roddam Spencer Stanhope, Thoughts of the Past
      • Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones
        • The Golden Stairs
        • King Cophetua and the Beggar Maid
        • Sleeping Beauty — but without the Kiss: Burne-Jones and the Briar Rose series
        • The Depths of the Sea
        • Stained glass windows at Birmingham Cathedral
        • Hope
      • John William Waterhouse, The Lady of Shalott
      • William Butterfield, All Saints, Margaret Street, London
      • William Morris, useful beauty in the home
      • William Morris and Philip Webb, Red House
    • Late Victorian
      • Browse this content
      • Sir Frederic Leighton
        • An Athlete Wrestling with a Python
        • Bath of Psyche
      • Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, Listening to Homer
      • GF Watts, The Minotaur
  • Realism
    • Browse this content
    • Realism, an introduction
    • Honoré Daumier
      • Rue Transnonain
      • Nadar Elevating Photography to the Height of an Art
    • Gustave Courbet
      • A Burial at Ornans
      • The Stonebreakers
      • The Painter’s Studio, a real allegory summing up seven years of my artistic and moral life
      • Bonjour Monsieur Courbet
    • Rosa Bonheur
      • Plowing in the Nivernais (or The First Dressing)
      • Sheep in the Highlands
    • Jean-François Millet
      • L’Angélus
      • The Gleaners
      • Xu Bing on Jean-François Millet’s Haystacks: Autumn
    • Édouard Manet
      • Music in the Tuileries Gardens
      • Olympia
      • Le déjeuner sur l’herbe (Luncheon on the Grass)
      • The Railway
      • Émile Zola
      • The Balcony
      • Plum Brandy
      • In the Conservatory
      • Corner of a Café-Concert
      • A Bar at the Folies-Bergère
      • Better Know: Manet’s Bar
      • A Bar at the Folies-Bergère with Griselda Pollock
    • Eva Gonzàles, A Loge at the Théâtre des Italiens
  • Second Empire
    • Winterhalter’s Portrait of The Empress Eugénie
    • Thomas Couture, Romans of the Decadence
    • Haussmann the Demolisher and the creation of modern Paris
    • Charles Garnier, The Paris Opéra
  • Impressionism
    • Browse this content
    • A beginner’s guide
      • Browse this content
      • Impressionism, an introduction
      • What does “Impressionism” mean?
      • How the Impressionists got their name
      • Impressionism: painting modern life
      • Impressionist color
      • Impressionist pictorial space
      • Japonisme
      • Looking east: how Japan inspired Monet, Van Gogh and other Western artists
    • Edgar Degas
      • The Bellelli Family
      •  At the Races in the Countryside
      • The Dance Class
      • Visit to a Museum
    • Gustave Caillebotte
      • Paris Street; Rainy Day
    • Berthe Morisot
      • The Cradle
      • Hunting Butterflies
    • Pierre-Auguste Renoir
      • How to recognize Renoir: The Swing
      • La Loge
      • The Grands Boulevards
      • Moulin de la Galette
      • Portrait of Madame Charpentier and Her Children
      • Luncheon of the Boating Party
      • The Large Bathers
    • Claude Monet
      • Impressionism as optical realism: Monet
      • How to recognize Monet: The Basin at Argenteuil
      • Claude Monet, Impression, Sunrise
      • The Argenteuil Bridge
      • The Gare Saint-Lazare
      • Cliff Walk at Pourville
      • Wheatstacks (Snow Effect, Morning)
        Getty Conversations
      • Poplars
      • Rouen Cathedral Series
      • Les Nymphéas (The Water Lilies)
    • Mary Cassatt
      • In the Loge
      • Little Girl in a Blue Armchair
      • Woman with a Pearl Necklace in a Loge
      • The Child’s Bath
      • The Coiffure
  • Post-Impressionism
    • Browse this content
    • A beginner’s guide
      • Introduction to Neo-Impressionism, Part I
      • Introduction to Neo-Impressionism, Part II
      • Neo-Impressionist Color Theory
    • Georges Seurat
      • Bathers at Asnières
      • A Sunday on La Grande Jatte – 1884
    • Vincent van Gogh
      • The Potato Eaters
      • Self-Portrait Dedicated to Paul Gauguin
      • Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear
      • The Bedroom
      • Van Gogh, Irises
        Getty Conversations
      • The Starry Night
      • The Artist Project: Sopheap Pich on van Gogh’s drawings
    • The Pont-Aven School and Synthetism
    • Paul Gauguin
      • Gauguin, Self-Portrait with Portrait of Émile Bernard (Les misérables)
      • Vision after the Sermon (or Jacob Wrestling with the Angel)
      • Nevermore
      • The Red Cow
      • Spirit of the Dead Watching
      • Oviri
      • Where do we come from? What are we? Where are we going?
    • Gauguin and Laval in Martinique
    • Paul Cézanne
      • Cézanne, an introduction
      • The Bather
      • The Basket of Apples
      • Still Life with Plaster Cupid
      • The Red Rock
      • Turning Road at Montgeroult
      • Mont Sainte-Victoire
      • The Card Players
      • Bathers (Les Grandes Baigneuses)
      • The Large Bathers
    • Why Is This Woman in the Jungle? Henri Rousseau’s The Dream
    • Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, At the Moulin Rouge
  • Sculpture
    • Browse this content
    • Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux​, Dance
    • Auguste Rodin
      • The Walking Man
      • Auguste Rodin, The Age of Bronze
      • The Burghers of Calais
      • The Gates of Hell
      • Wilfredo Prieto on Auguste Rodin’s sculptures
    • Claudel, The Age of Maturity
    • A moment’s monument, Medardo Rosso, Ecce puer (Behold the Child)
  • Symbolism / Art Nouveau
    • Browse this content
    • Art Nouveau
    • The Nabis and Symbolism
    • The Nabis and Decorative Art
    • Gustave Moreau
      • Jupiter and Semele
      • Salome
    • Arnold Böcklin, Self-Portrait with Death Playing the Fiddle
    • Antoni Gaudí
      • Sagrada Família
      • Park Güell
    • James Ensor, Christ’s Entry into Brussels in 1889
    • Fernand Khnopff
      • Jeanne Kéfer
      • I Lock my Door Upon Myself
    • Franz von Stuck, The Sin
    • Hector Guimard, Cité entrance, Métropolitain, Paris
    • Gustav Klimt
      • Beethoven Frieze
      •  The Kiss
      • Death and Life
    • Broncia Koller, Sitting (Seated Nude Marietta)
    • Edvard Munch
      • The Storm
      • The Scream
    • Léon Bakst, “Costume design for the ballet The Firebird”
    • Louis Comfort Tiffany
      • Vase
      • Hair Ornament
  • Eastern Europe
    • Maurycy Gottlieb, Christ Teaching at Capernaum
    • An Introduction to The Peredvizhniki (The Wanderers)
    • Ilya Repin, Krestny Khod (Religious Procession) in Kursk Gubernia
  • Textiles
    • Shawl from Deneirouse and Boisglavy

Paul Gauguin, Nevermore

by Rachel Ropeik, Dr. Beth Harris and Dr. Steven Zucker

Paul Gauguin, Nevermore, 1897, oil on canvas (Courtauld Gallery, London)

Smarthistory images for teaching and learning:
Nevermore, detail with womenNevermore, detail with RavenNevermore, detail with womanNevermore in Courtaluld Gallery

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Cite this page as: Rachel Ropeik, Dr. Beth Harris and Dr. Steven Zucker, "Paul Gauguin, Nevermore," in Smarthistory, November 18, 2015, accessed September 21, 2023, https://smarthistory.org/gauguin-nevermore/.
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